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Data Custodian

Definition: A data custodian is the organization legally and operationally responsible for a dataset — the hospital, biobank, registry, or agency that collects the data, holds it, controls access to it, and answers for how it is used.

Custodianship in health research

Custodians carry obligations that do not transfer with a data copy: consent terms, national law, institutional policy, and accountability to the people the data describes. That is why mature custodians increasingly refuse to distribute datasets and instead offer governed access — researchers come to the data, use it under supervision, and take away only approved results.

Custodian-centric architecture

Federated research infrastructure is built around the custodian: each institution runs its own environment, sets its own access rules, and sees every query made against its data. In Lifebit’s federated TRE deployments, data remains under local custodianship throughout — the platform’s job is to make that custody compatible with large-scale, multi-site science.

Related terms

Data Sovereignty · Five Safes Framework


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